<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<item xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" itemId="35" public="1" featured="0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://byzantinephilly.lcdss.reclaim.hosting/items/show/35?output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-09-05T04:26:06+00:00">
  <fileContainer>
    <file fileId="130">
      <src>https://byzantinephilly.lcdss.reclaim.hosting/files/original/8c69c290632623e14df694ef826f4786.jpg</src>
      <authentication>b257127c1ecc7ba2e0fe91af033d16ac</authentication>
    </file>
  </fileContainer>
  <collection collectionId="4">
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="287">
                <text>Liturgical Texts </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="337">
                <text>Isabel Coopersmith </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="338">
                <text>Liturgical books and texts are some of the most important objects from Byzantium, demonstrating some of the most important aspects of the liturgy. The liturgy refers to the services held by the church, which can include ordinary masses and the celebration of the Eucharist, Sacraments, and Baptisms. There are many customs that take place during these services, some of which include: blessing, singing, washing, kneeling, eating, and more. Services have many fixed aspects, but depending on the day or season, service leaders rely on these liturgical texts to help guide the service.&#13;
&#13;
Lectionaries, a general term for books containing readings from the Four Gospels for the liturgical services, can be traced back to the 7th century CE. There are three major types of liturgical books: the evangelion (lectionary) which contains Gospel lections; the prophetolgion which contains Old Testament lections; and the Apostolos which contains lections from the Book of Acts. These texts are crucial as their main purpose is to provide the readings of the church during mass.  &#13;
&#13;
Liturgical texts found in this gallery range from fragments of Psalters, to a Menologion (a church calendar), to entire lectionaries made for Hagia Sophia, and are all exceptional examples of the importance of liturgy for the Byzantine world. The Old Testament and the New Testament are all represented, and provide an idea of what a liturgical service during the Byzantine Empire looked like.  </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </collection>
  <elementSetContainer>
    <elementSet elementSetId="1">
      <name>Dublin Core</name>
      <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="50">
          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="402">
              <text>New Testament / Psalter </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="49">
          <name>Subject</name>
          <description>The topic of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="403">
              <text>New Testament Greek Psalter from Constantinople (Istanbul)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="41">
          <name>Description</name>
          <description>An account of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="404">
              <text>This is a New Testament Greek Psalter found in Constantinople around 1199 CE.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="48">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="406">
              <text>The Free Library of Philadelphia, Rare Book Department </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="45">
          <name>Publisher</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="407">
              <text>The Free Library of Philadelphia </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="40">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="408">
              <text>1199 CE </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="37">
          <name>Contributor</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="409">
              <text>Christina Ball </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="47">
          <name>Rights</name>
          <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="410">
              <text>The Free Library of Philadelphia </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="46">
          <name>Relation</name>
          <description>A related resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="411">
              <text>https://libwww.freelibrary.org/digital/item/4173</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="42">
          <name>Format</name>
          <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="412">
              <text>Width: 8.46 inches</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="51">
          <name>Type</name>
          <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="413">
              <text>Manuscript </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="43">
          <name>Identifier</name>
          <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="414">
              <text>Lewis E M 44:27-28</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="44">
          <name>Language</name>
          <description>A language of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="416">
              <text>Greek</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </elementSet>
  </elementSetContainer>
</item>
